The big finance & accounting credentials, decoded
ACCA, CMA, CA, CPA — three-letter names, very different paths. Here's an honest, India-focused breakdown of each: who it suits, what it costs, what you'll actually earn, and where it can take you.
ACCA
Full guide →Association of Chartered Certified Accountants
A globally portable UK accounting qualification that opens doors at the Big 4, MNCs and global capability centres worldwide — though it is not a licence to sign statutory audits in India.
ACCA in India
Full guide →Association of Chartered Certified Accountants (ACCA)
A globally portable UK accounting qualification that opens doors at MNCs, the Big 4 (advisory side) and global capability centres in India, but is not a licence to sign Indian audits.
CMA (USA)
Full guide →Certified Management Accountant (US), issued by the Institute of Management Accountants (IMA), USA
A short, globally recognised American certification that proves you are strong at the "inside finance" of a business — budgeting, costing, forecasting and helping managers make money decisions.
CMA (India)
Full guide →Cost & Management Accountant (India)
India's statutory qualification in cost and management accounting — the only professionals legally allowed to sign a cost audit, and a strong route into costing, FP&A and finance jobs in industry.
CA (India)
Full guide →Chartered Accountancy (ICAI India)
India's flagship accounting qualification — and the only one that lets you sign company audits by law.
US CPA
Full guide →US Certified Public Accountant
America's top accounting licence — the global stamp of trust for US GAAP, audit and US tax that opens doors at the Big 4, US MNCs and India's booming global capability centres.
Starting salary, compared
Realistic fresher pay in India (₹ lakh per annum). CA and US CPA tend to start higher; ACCA and CMA close the gap quickly with experience.